Preliminary Test and Solubility Classification of Organic...

Preliminary Test and Solubility Classification of Organic Compound Keene Louise Topacio, Christopher Jay Robidillo Abstract The experiment focuses on how to classify organic compounds by its functional groups. It is done by preliminary test and with the solubility test. Preliminary test used two known compounds also the unknowns. Physical state, color, odor, and ignition test were noted. The known compounds are inorganic and organic compounds. A comparison is made from the observation in the unknown sample, by which we had concluded that there were two organic compounds and one inorganic among the unknowns. In order to have a strong background about the solubility test, we first classify organic compounds of known functional group using†¦show more content†¦In order to have a more distinct result a systematic approach can be considered and it is by solubility classification. First is to test the solubility of the unknown in water. Several structural features of the unknown can be deduced if it is water-soluble. It must be of low molar mass and will usually contain no more than four to five carbon atoms, unless it is polyfunctional. Also, it must contain a polar group that will form a hydrogen bond with water, such as the hydroxy group of an alcohol or a carboxylic acid, the amino functionality of an amine, or the carbonyl group of aldehydes or ketones. Esters, amides, and nitriles dissolve to a lesser extent, and acid. chlorides or anhydrides react with water rather than simply dissolving in it. Test in ether for water soluble compounds are also observed this is to identify fur ther the functional groups in ther unknown. On the other hand, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and alkyl halides are water-insoluble. Supplementary test such as solubility in hydrochloric acid, then sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, and finally tested in sulfuric acid must be done accordingly. Solubility in one or more of these acids and bases is defined in terms of the compound being more soluble in base or acid than in water and reflects the presence of an acidic or basic functional group in the water-insoluble unknown compound. Methodology The experiment was divided into two parts and the groupShow MoreRelatedUniversity of Nairobi Bsc. Civil Engineering Degree Programme Details6511 Words   |  27 Pageswordprocessing, spreadsheets, database management, mathematical programming, statistics (tabulations and regression), project management. Software developments: knowledge-based systems (A.I.) FCE 181 - Chemistry IA (45 hrs) Inorganic Chemistry: Solubility, precipitation, ion-exchange, nitrification and denitrification, oxidation-reduction reactions, absorption, characteristics and significance of some salts and elements (ammonia, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, silicates, chlorine, oxygen, ozoneRead MoreNatural Dyes11205 Words   |  45 PagesNatural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates,a or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources – roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood — and other organic sources such as fungi and lichens. Archaeologists have found evidence of textile dyeing dating back to the Neolithic period. In China, dyeing with plants, barks and insects has been traced back more than 5,000 years.[1] The essential process of dyeing changed little over time. TypicallyRead MoreClassification Of Poisons And Its Effects On The Nervous System10120 Words   |  41 Pages AMITY INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH Name: - Sanchari Dasgupta Enrolment No.: - A5905914014 Programme: - B.Sc (Hons) Forensic science Batch: - 2014-17 Title of summer assignment: - Classification of poisons Goal for the first week: - Introduction of the topic Goal for the second week: - Write in brief about corrosive poisons and non-metallic irritant poison Goal for the third week: - Write in brief about metallic irritant poisons Goal for the fourth week:

Analysis on Rebeca Keegans Article on Racial Inequality...

During the semester, race is a big part of the lectures. In class, we talk about how race is distinguishing physical characteristics used to place people in different racial categories (Jensen). The biggest concern with race is racial inequality. Racial inequality is the inadequate or unfair treatment of minorities in areas like income, education, employment, health, the criminal justice system, and media. The article written by Rebecca Keegan from the Los Angeles Times newspaper discusses the inequality of race in media specifically movies. This article relates to the unfairness in films because minorities are poorly portrayed in the majority of films. More often than not, minorities are the â€Å"bad guys† in films. They are caught up in†¦show more content†¦Many people get ethnicity and race mixed up and use the words interchangeably. Ethnicity is different from race because race is the distinguishing people based on physical characteristics, whereas ethnicity is b ased on by cultural aspects. Many believe that race and ethnicity are same but in reality they are very different. In race there is a minority and majority status. Minority status can be presented as the inferior position versus the superior position for the majority status. By inferior and superior, it refers to the more or less life chances that group has. Minority status would have less life chances, meaning they have less opportunities to become successful, have a high income, become employed in prestigious jobs, and overall get the same likelihood to have a better life than the majority. As for the majority, they have a superior position in which it is easier for them to move up the social ladder and be given opportunities for the betterment of their future. Minorities have it worse in the world because they are treated unfairly and are usually the poorest out of everyone. People look down on minorities and the majority thin they are better than the minorities. Keegan writes he r article on how minorities are unrepresented in movies especially. Keegan uses the research and results from a study completed by USCs Annenberg School

An Unforgettable Experience. Free Essays

The guy who I really adored was Dustin Wong. He was the most handsome guy in the school. I was attracted to him since the first time my eyes locked into his eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on An Unforgettable Experience. or any similar topic only for you Order Now His sparkling green eyes always gave an aura of intelligence. Every time he smiled it made my heart melt like a hot knife cutting through butter. The only one who knew about this feeling of mine was my best friend, Ida. She was a very encouraging friend of me. She even helped me hooked up with Dustin. I was the girl who only focused on my studies and my social life was not exciting. Dustin, on the other hand, was one of the top guys in the girls’ list who was a must-go-date with. His popularity started when he scored a lot of baskets for his basketball team. But most importantly, he was the Captain of the Tiger basketball team. One day, the Tiger Team had a big game with Leopard Team. He played brilliantly with great jump, shots, dunks and assists. His teammates also played their hearts out to win the game. Just two minutes before the game ended, they were trailing 90-96. They managed to force three turnovers, two steals and scored five baskets. Three shots were made by Dustin. Finally, our Tiger Team won by 101-99. Ida and I were very excited and we screamed our lungs out for the victory. Dustin then took the microphone from the announcer. He said in front of hundreds of people that before he left high school, he wanted to tell everyone a secret. He liked someone, a girl. Nobody knew and not even his own friend. Suddenly, the stadium became quiet as all the girls wished that they were the chosen one. Then he said, â€Å"Amanda Ann, I do really like you,† â€Å"What? Did he just mention my name? I asked Ida. I was shocked and felt like fainting at that moment. I could not believe it. It was just like a dream came true. I suddenly dreamed that I was wearing a Cinderella gown and hearing the ringing of bells. Then, everybody in the stadium was staring at me. He then ran towards me and told me that he liked me a lot since the first day I sat foot in this school. I became dumbfounded and my face turned red as all girls w ere very envious of me. Even though this incident had happened a week ago, it was still fresh in my mind. How to cite An Unforgettable Experience., Essay examples

Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility Smooth and Efficient

Question: Describe about the Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility for Smooth and Efficient Functioning. Answer: Introduction Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility goes side by side for smooth and efficient functioning of business activities in an organization. Corporate Governance means the mechanisms, relations and processes in which the organization is directed and controlled. It helps in identifying the rights and responsibilities of various participants in the corporation, such as board of directors, shareholders, managers, creditors, auditors and other stakeholders. The practices of corporate governance are often affected by attempts to align the stakeholders interests. Corporate Social Responsibility means the self regulated integration in a business model. This policy aims to ensure compliance with ethical standards and spirit of law (Horrigan, B, 2010). It mainly keeps its focus on increasing long term profits and building shareholders trust by making positive relation with the public and ethical standards to reduce business risk. It wants to get a positive impact from the stakeholders and other communities. Both Corporate Governance and CSR aim in maintaining ethical practices in business and responsiveness towards its stakeholders as it will result in better image of an organization. (Boubaker, S and Nguyen, D, 2014). Overriding goal: Profit or Shareholders Value Fantasy Products Inc. should not only focus on increasing its profit. In an organization it is necessary to maintain a balance between the shareholders value and profits. The discussion that occurred between Blanche and Stanley clearly leaves an impression of dissatisfaction in the ways that company has engaged itself in making profits. It is the CSR of an organization to make its corporate governance policies keeping in mind the rights and need of their shareholders and employees (Simpson, J and Taylor, J, 2013). The primary goal of Fantasy Products Inc. should be to increase the wealth of their shareholders by making payment of dividends and causing an increase in the price of the stock. We know that the executives of Fantasy Products are obligated to maximize the profit of the company and shareholder value maximization is not their obligation, still the rights of the shareholder should not be completed ignored as it may create a bad reputation for the company. A publically owned company raise its funds from investors. Therefore it is very essential to make a significant amount of return to their investors to attract more investments that can bring long term profitability for Fantacy. The shareholders have direct as well as indirect roles in the company. In the stock market they play an indirect role, as an investor will want to invest more only when the company is beating the expectations of the shareholders (Basu, C, 2016). Corporate Governance policies in this company are absolutely formal. The company should make timely disclosure of its profits to the shareholders. In Fantasy, if the management team continues to offer insufficient value of shares, the shareholders will unite to block such moves for their dissatisfaction towards the current management policies. Some other ways in which the company can achieve its overriding goals are Firstly it will be a wrong perception to say that making money should be the overriding goal of a company. Fantasy can achieve the determined goals of the company by increasing the employee efficiency, increase in productivity, customer trust and practicing social and ethical values (Dishman, L, 2012). The efficiency of employees can be increased by allowing the employees to participate in the decision making process hence opening gates for themselves; to become more productive and innovative. Agency Problem in Fantasy Products Inc Yes, it is very much true that there is some sort of Agency problem going on in the company. As Stanley has mentioned in the case study, that company is not taking the consideration of the shareholders while planning its profits and long term goals. Agency problem is the conflict that may arise between the companys stockholders and the management, where one party does not act in the best interest of another (Solomon, J, 2007). In Fantasy Products the agency problem is mainly between the Managers and the Owners. The goal of management is different from that of the shareholders (Kafi, A, 2014). And this is the reason why shareholders are not allowed to participate in the management process directly. In this company the managers are giving priority to their own interest without giving any consideration to the interest of the shareholders. And this results in a conflict between both the parties. In Fantasy it is the shareholders who appointed the managers to work for their interests, but the managers are working for their own benefits. This kind of conduct can be harmful for the company and the stockholders. Another reason that can cause agency problem is when the managers refuse to merger with another company although that would be in the best interest of the shareholders (Sarra, J, 2011). Therefore, to prevent such issues and challenges certain measures should be taken to control the position and power of the management of the company. The shareholders of Fantasy should use several mechanisms to control the activities of the managers. Internal measures include internal audit, change in the payments and salaries of the company managers and by concentrating ownerships (Boubaker, S, Nguyen, B and Nguyen, D, 2012). Good corporate Governance can also help in doing so. Measures should be taken to detect and prevent the inefficient operations of the company by protecting the assets and capital of the company. Internal audit should be conducted regularly to be aware about the financial position of the company and also to ensure that managers have maintained all the compliance as prescribed in the policies of corporate governance. For the availability of external financing and a better approach the company should form a good system of its corporate governance. Fantasy should properly define its priority goals and allocate tasks to the respective managers keeping in mind the benefits and rights of their shareholders. External audit and capital market also has some influence measuring the conflict arising between the management and shareholders. Fantasys Approach to Pollution Control From the information available in the case study of Fantasy Products Inc. we can relate that it is not being able to take effective control measures to control the pollution caused by the company. It is stated that the company is being investigated by the inspectors of State and Commonwealth environment as the company is engaged in polluting the storm water drains and also causing harm to the national park wildlife. This is not the present issue but it is being carried forward from many years. The company has a negative attitude towards the safety and social responsibility of the environment as it thinks that it is very costly and time consuming to take preventive measures to stop such pollution; and it will ultimately affect the profits of the company badly. Fantasy is totally irresponsible in taking pollution control measures as it is unaware about the facts relating to the benefits of controlling pollution while conducting business activities. In order to avoid criticism Fantasy should take suitable measures to prevent pollution. Some of the important reasons are as follows: Reduction on health hazards: There is clear evidence that pollution will bring health hazards such as cancer, lung complications and heart attacks. (Louche, C, Idowu, S and Filho, W, 2010). When pollution control techniques are adopted it not only checks the seriousness of the disease but also supports a healthy life in and around. Risk of liability is reduced: Fantasy is held to pay compensation to those people who are affected by the toxicity and wastes that it produces and releases in the environment. It will be a safe to install devices of pollution control to reduce the liability risk. Cost savings: The cost of operating business can be reduced by an effective pollution control procedure. Due to improper production technology it results in greater wastages that lead to a higher cost of waste disposal and increase the cost of cleaning the plants. Improved Public Image: The policies and practices of Fantasy is likely to influence the attitude of the people as we know that the society is becoming more conscious of environmental quality day by day. In order to earn a good reputation Fantasy has to promote the cause for environment and be socially responsible (Maximiano, J, 2003). Other social benefits: Pollution control can result into other advantages as well like clearer visibility, better quality of life, cleaner buildings and availability of natural products in a pure form (Peddle, R, 2004). Despite of the fact that pollution control techniques acquires a high cost to install various devices that controls pollution, Fantasy should take long term benefits into consideration so as to build trust among the customers and a good reputation to attract more investors to meet the funding that the company requires to carry out day to day activities. Corporate Governance Structure of Fantasy Products Inc The corporate governance structure of Fantasy Products Inc. is totally an ineffective one as it only focuses on profit maximization and neglecting the maximization of the benefits of its shareholders who are the actual owners of the company. The reason behind the poor corporate governance structure of Fantasy Products is its ownership structure, the structure of companys board and the financial structure. The institutional environment such as legal, political and regulatory environment in which a company operate also influences the structure of corporate governance (Urlacher, P, 2008). It is the outcome of political decisions that takes place in the firm. The right of control should be in the hands of shareholders as well to control the activities of the management that is truly for their own benefits (Davies, A, 2006). Fantasy Product should plan a new framework for deciding the goals and objectives of the company if it wants to solve the emerging problems amongst its employees and shareholders. It should realise the importance of corporate governance in a business improved reputation, fewer penalties, fines and lawsuits, and decreased conflicts and fraud. The practice of sharing information related to its profit will increase transparency that will allow people to feel more confident in making investments and maintaining business relations with the firm. Fantasy is not being able to maintain effective corporate governance and as a result it will have to suffer a heavy loss in the coming future. The company is being investigated by the respective authorities and soon will have to face a heavy fine and penalties for not conducting ethical practices and corporate governance. It is high time now, for understanding the importance of corporate governance by Fantasy; they can limit the bad behaviour of their employees by considering their value and the value of the shareholders. If Fantasy still continues to neglect the rights of its shareholders, the shareholders might file a suit against the conduct of the company for the non compliance of corporate governance. Conclusion From this case study we can say that the relation between various shareholders and management of the firm raises many questions related to the process of value creation. The shareholders have specific expectations from the firm and require a specific knowledge and information on this condition. We know that shareholders participate in the value creation and a lot of questions are raised to know the measurement of shareholders value. It should frame its policies according to the needs and wants of shareholders, customers and environment to maintain its goodwill and long term profitability; balancing CSR and Corporate Governance in the best possible manner. Thus, Fantasy Products Inc. should contribute some effective incentive methods to encourage shareholders to make efficient and responsible conduct in order to achieve the common objectives of the firm and that of the partners. Profit maximization is important for every firm but they should not ignore the maximization of shareholders value. Before the disclosure of investigation report, Fantasy should realise its responsibility towards the shareholders and environment protection, to avoid penalties and fines. There is also a chance of being ceased to carry out business activities. References Basu, C. (2016). [Online]. The Importance of Shareholders in Business. Viewed 5 October 2015 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-shareholders-business-20844.html Boubaker, S and Nguyen, D. (2014). Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility: Emerging Markets Focus. World Scientific. Boubaker, S, Nguyen, B and Nguyen, D. (2012). Corporate Governance: Recent Developments and New Trends. Springer Science Business Media. Davies, A. (2006). Best Practice in Corporate Governance: Building Reputation and Sustainable Success. Gower Publishing. Dishman, L. (2012). [Online]. 6 Achievable Business Goals Your Company Needs To Set Now For 2013. Viewed 5 October 2016 from https://www.fastcompany.com/3003820/6-achievable-business-goals-your-company-needs-set-now-2013 Horrigan, B. (2010). Corporate Social Responsibility in the 21st Century: Debates, Models and Practices Across Government, Law and Business. Edward Elgar Publishing. Kafi, A. (2014). [Online]. Types of Agency Problem. Viewed 5 October 2016 from https://educenterbd.com/types-of-agency-problem Louche, C, Idowu, S and Filho, W. (2010). Innovative CSR: From Risk Management to Value Creation. Greenleaf Publishing. Maximiano, J. (2003). Corporate Social Responsibility: basic principles and best practices: historic philosophical issues in international business. PLDT. Peddle, R. (2004). Implementing Effective Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: A Guide. BSI British Standards Institution. Sarra, J. (2011). Corporate Governance in Global Capital Markets. UBC Press. Simpson, J and Taylor, J. (2013). Corporate Governance Ethics and CSR. Kogan Page Publishers. Solomon, J. (2007). Corporate Governance and Accountability. John Wiley Sons. Urlacher, P. (2008). New Issues in Corporate Governance. Nova Publishers.

It is significant, I think, that Clarisse objects Essays

It is significant, I think, that Clarisse objects explicitly to the lost social nature of learning, for it shows Bradbury's ideal of learning as a hermeneutical dialogue with two minds engaged in drawing out and re-forming the matter shaped between them. In the Metaphysics Aristotle points out that "experience is formed of many memories" ( I.i .), but by memories he mean s itemized result s of the mind working on data, either sensory or semiotic, and shaping it into knowledge by applying questions and heuristics as a way of " coming to terms " with it. Communication between people is the ideal way to commence this process, but in TV class the communication is monodirectional , and the resulting materiel transmitted to the student remains data rather than knowledge. In fact, the social element of learning is so valuable to memory that even books only represent the voice of a person whom time has rendered inaccessible. In the Phaedrus Socrates remind s his listeners that writing i s only of value as a reminder, but that i t can't be properly questioned because it has no power to listen it can only repeat itself (274D-275A). 3 The relative dismissal of memory as a goal of pedagogy was reflected in the now-famous Bloom's Taxonomy, written in 1956 by a group of educators who sought to clarify the goals of learning and taxonomi z e the tasks by which they were achieved. Although the group hoped to achieve a pedagogical unity between Cogniti ve, Affective, and Psychomotor "domains," the taxonomy is , even after its revision in 2000 , frequently understood as a hierarchy which places " remembering " at the bottom and " creating " at the top. While this echoes the Classical insistence on a solid base of texts grasped in and by the memory and then manipulated as a means of producing new compositions, poo r restatements of the Taxonomy 4 transmitted the idea of memory as the lowest order thinking skill and the one dismissed fastest by students hoping to hone their " cri tical thinking skills." Certain ly, Bloom's Taxonomy reflects m od ernity's view of memory as a " mere " ability to reproduce accurately rote-remembered data, and as separate from the Romantic notion of a Work inspired by ingenium rather than an orderly intellectual process.

Athena Essays - Ancient Greek Religion, Acropolis Of Athens

Athena Essays - Ancient Greek Religion, Acropolis Of Athens Athena Athena Back in time when Greece was making its mark in history as one of the great civilization of the Ancient World, there was a great deal of emphasis on the Gods and Goddesses. To the Greeks the world was governed by the Gods and they were the reason many things happened in the world, mostly thing that where unexplainable. The goddess Athena was one of the many gods or goddesses that played a large role in Greek mythology. Even though Athena was the patron saint of Athens she supported other Greeks outside of Athens, such as, Achilles, Orestes, and especially Odysseus (Athena-1). Athena is know to be the goddess of war, guardian of cities, patroness of arts and crafts, and promoter of wisdom (Images of Women...-1). Athenas name actually came form the Cretan and Mycenean name Athene which predates the Greeks by about 1,500 years (Daly-20). The ending -ene, was set aside for royalty and goddesses, like Helene (Harris-4). She was also called by some Greeks as Pallas Athena. Not many people know where the name Pallas came from. Some legends say she obtained it from the giant Pallas that she killed in the war of the gods and giants (Grant-Hazel 83). Another legend says that Athena accidentally killed her childhood playmate Pallas. By taking Pallas in front of her own, Athena shows the grief that she endured for the loss of her friend (Daly-20). Athena had such an impact on the Greeks that the Romans adopted her and called her Minerva (Minerva-1). The origins of Athenas name is not the only discrepancy that historians have had. The origin of where Athena came form is also a discrepancy. Zeus feared that he would be overcome by a son greater than he born from the intelligent Metis. To prevent this Zeus ate Metis. There for, Athena, in the most common legend, was born fully grown out of Zeuss head after Hephaestus split it open with an ax. Another legend, this one form Crete, says Athena was hidden in a cloud. Zeus hit his head on the cloud and caused Athena to appear (Daly-20). Out of all the cities that Athena helped and protected Athens claimed her as there own. The Atheans believed that the first king of Athens, Erichthonius, was a descendant of Athena (Daly-20). Even though Poseidon was greedy of earthy kingdoms, he challenged Athena for the city. The both of them appeared before the court of gods and goddess to make a judgment. Poseidon presented water to be of use to the Atheans. But the water was salty. Athena presented the olive tree which gave fruit, oil and wood. The court judged that this was a more beneficial gift and let Athena have the city (Daly-100). To show their homage, the Atheans, built the Parthenon. The word Parthenon means virgins place, for Athena was a virgin goddess (Parthenon-1). The east side of the building showed the birth of Athena and the west side showed the contest with Poseidon (Athena-1). Atheans, on the other hand, were not the only people Athena favored. According to Homer the Greeks were greatly benefited when Athena came down from the heavens and stopped Achilles of Phthia from killing Agamemnon. Achilles protested but Athena replied: Down from the skies I come to check your rage if only you would yield...Stop this fighting, now...Dont lay hand to sword...I know it is the truth-one day glittering gifts will lie before you, three times over to pay for all his outrage. Hold pack now. Obey... (Homer-104) Even though Athena was the patroness of war she also had compassion for the Greeks. Athena new if Achilles had killed Agamemnon that would certainly mean defeat for the Greeks. Athena was ruthless, manipulative, savage, and found delight in Trojan blood (Athena, daughter of Zues-1). Athena also is credited with helping a young man that was on trial in Athens for killing his mother. This young man was Orestes and his mother Clytemnestra, both form Argos. Athena having no mother had more compassion for the male figure than female. She considered the crimes of Clytemnestra (killing her husband, Agamemnon) more punishable than Orestes crime (Parada-2). Aeschylus seems to sum it up in Athenas speech to the court in The Oresteia. The Eumenides. ...No mother gave me birth. I honor the male , in all things but marriage. Yes, with all my heart I am my Fathers child. I cannot set more store by the womens death-she killed her husband, guardian of their house...(644) With this trial Athena presented a new

Management and Organizational Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management and Organizational Ethics - Essay Example This is ethically right regardless of its costs and consequences. Actually, BBC, (2012) records that, â€Å"Deontological (duty-based) ethics are concerned with what people do, not with the consequences of their actions.† However, this has not been easy for me subject to the temptations resulting from the convenience and money-saving aspect that comes with downloading music from the prohibited websites. Indeed, despite the knowledge of the adverse effects of such unethical behaviors am always under pressure to do it. However, am aware that if I adhere to my responsibility of obliging to the legal proclamation of music copyright owners and consequently buy CDs from legal stores and outlets, that way I would be adding more benefits to the music industry and securing my nation from terrorism (Dan, 2006). Nevertheless, more than often, I find myself collaborating with a crime to infringe on others efforts thus benefiting myself at their expense. Hence, after failing to establish an effective and consistent commitment to ethical behavior, I feel that I should re-evaluate my policy in order to overcome the challenges on my way. Indeed, Hardin (2006) reckons that â€Å"commitment requires action or series of action and will often lead to success.† As such, since my conscience convinces me that what I am doing is ethically wrong despite the inherent benefits that I derive from it, I must, therefore, redefine my policy to ensure that I strictly abide with the set rules governing the music industry. Most importantly, I know that peer pressure affects my pursuit in this endeavor since all my friends feel nothing about this unethical behavior (Dordrecht, 1992; Arrington, 2009). As such, for me to succeed I must change my friends or at least avoid them during leisure times and holidays. This will reduce the pressure to download such music as my friends usually do it as a hobby.